Records of the Fishermen's Wives of Gloucester, 1950-2009 (inclusive), 1977-2004 (bulk)

The records of the Fishermen's Wives of Gloucester contain correspondence; staff notes; drafts of writings; research; grant proposals; oral histories; videotapes; photographs; and clippings documenting the accomplishments and history of the Gloucester Fishermen's Wives Association (GFWA). They also document significant issues affecting the fishing industry in New England, the North America, and globally, as well as addressing unique challenges of women in the fishing industry, and the concerns of fishermen's daughters, mothers, and wives. The GFWA web site, which includes announcements, photographs, and information about programs, will be captured periodically as part of Harvard University Library's Web Archive Collection (WAX). Searchable archived versions of the web site are available through this finding aid.

The bulk of the collection when received had no filing system: papers, videotapes, audiotapes, and photographs arrived loose, in folders, and in 3-ring binders. The processor created most folder headings, including some keywords where necessary; these are not intended to be comprehensive but to provide general guidance. The few original folder headings by the GFWA are in quotation marks. Substantial overlap exists among series, but there is little duplication of materials. Search note: This finding aid contains no correspondence index. However, the names of selected correspondents can be searched using the browser's search feature. Because the search feature is the most efficient way to find recurring names, subjects, and issues appearing throughout the collection, there are few cross-references.

SERIES I, ORGANIZATION AND ADMINISTRATION, 1969-2009 (#1.1-10.13, E.1, CD.51.1, PD.1, Vt-165.1 - Vt-165.3), contains materials documenting the establishment and organization of the GFWA, including administrative records, some correspondence, meeting minutes, clippings noting the group's activities, awards and honors, as well as publicity materials.

Subseries A, Administration, policy, and history, 1969-2005 (#1.1-2.10, E.1) contains statement of purpose; organizational history; by-laws; minutes of board of directors, various committees, and annual and special meetings; and membership lists, which document the administrative history of the GFWA. It is arranged alphabetically.

Subseries B, Subseries B, General, 1969-2009 (#2.11-4.8, CD-51.1, PD.1, Vt-165.1 - Vt-165.3), includes mailing lists, membership materials, press releases, miscellaneous printed materials, telephone logs and clippings pertaining to the GFWA. The press releases and publicity materials (#4.4) arrived segregated and organized chronologically; however, they may not represent a complete run. Folders in other series containing information on particular causes or events often include public relations materials and there may be additional press releases scattered throughout.

In 2002, GFWA received a grant that provided for the production of a documentary, Faith, Diligence, and Fortitude: A Portrait of the GFWA. The work features interviews with Sanfilippo, Gerri Lovasco, Grace Favazza, Lena Novello, and other GFWA members; highlights major accomplishments; and includes clips of former Senators William Saltonstall, Edward Kennedy, and John Kerry praising the work of the GFWA. This subseries is arranged alphabetically.

Subseries C, Staff files and notes, 1962-2005 (#4.9-7.8, PD.2-PD.3), contains internal correspondence; notes and notebooks; some research; and some biographical and personal information by or about professional, long-term staff members. The notebooks, most of which where labeled "Angela's Notes" or "David's Notes," include sporadic and detailed personal reflections; research notes about various topics; drafts of letters; brief notes for staff (some in Italian); to-do lists, etc. Notebooks with many blank pages were dismantled. These notebooks were maintained as distinct files by the GFWA, arranged by staff member's surname. While some of these folders may contain some correspondence, most staff and general correspondence is in Series III.

In addition to serving as President of the GFWA, GFWDP, and GFWM, Sanfilippo assumed a leading role in many other institutions that shaped the fishing industry at the state and regional level. She served as a founder and board member of the Northeast Seafood Coalition, and serves as an active member on various boards, including the Commercial Fishermen of America, Massachusetts Ocean Partnership, the Gloucester Fishing Community Preservation Fund, the Massachusetts Fishermen's Partnership (MFP), and the Gloucester Fishermen and Families Assistance Center (GFFAC). Similarly, GFWA staff member David Bergeron fulfilled leadership roles in other organizations, especially the GFFAC and MFP. The majority of materials related to their work for those organizations is found in Series X and XI. Search note: to locate all of the material pertaining to a cause or person, use the browser's search feature. This subseries is arranged alphabetically by staff member.

Subseries D, Writings, speeches, etc., 1978-2002 (#7.9-7.19), includes drafts of writings and speeches, interview transcripts, and official testimonies written by GFWA staff and its consultants. Sanfilippo testified before committees of the U.S. Senate and House of Representatives, as well as other governmental bodies, on various issues pertaining to the fishing industry. This subseries is arranged chronologically according to genre, with three folders containing testimonies appearing last. See also #6.17 for notes on Sanfilippo's congressional testimonies.

Subseries E, Financial records, 1969-2004 (#8.1-10.13), contains budget planning, tax information, and other financial documents. For the fundraising activities undertaken by the Gloucester Fishermen's Wives Memorial (GFWM) for the memorial statue, see #31.11-33.10. This subseries arranged alphabetically.

SERIES II, CORRESPONDENCE, 1969-2005 (#11.1-12.5), contains correspondence and mass mailings. It is divided into four subseries.

Subseries A, "Outgoing," 1977-2004 (#11.1-12.5), contains mostly copies of letters, telegrams, mass mailings, e-mails, maintained chronologically and one folder labeled "copies of special letters." Margaret "Peg/Peggy" Sibley wrote most of the letters between 1977 and 1981. While several GFWA members regularly wrote members of Congress detailing the impact that pending legislation would have on the fishing industry, Sanfilippo (and later Bergeron) penned the majority of letters written in 1983 and after. A small amount of duplication exists between this subseries and #4.9-7.8 since some copies of originals may be found in the originator's file and, in some cases, handwritten drafts of these letters are in this subseries. A great deal of overlap exists between this subseries and other series. To locate all of the material pertaining to a cause or person, use the browser's search feature. This subseries is arranged with one folder of special letters appearing first, followed by folders arranged chronologically.

Subseries B, "Incoming," alphabetical, 1976-2005 (#12.6-15.14, PD.4), contains incoming letters arranged alphabetically. Although GFWA had filed some letters by individual's last name, the archivist arranged files alphabetically by the name of the organization/those individuals represented; individuals or organizations with ample correspondence have their own folders. A good deal of overlap but little duplication exists between this subseries and #4.9-7.8, since the majority of the letters are addressed specifically to Sanfilippo, Novello, Bergeron, or other staff members. Unless of a personal nature, these letters were integrated in one alphabetical arrangement, despite the different addressees. The GFWA corresponded relatively regularly with members of Congress; those from whom several letters were received are listed by name, whereas single letters from senators and/or representatives may be found in #15.6-15.7.

Subseries C, Incoming, chronological and special, 1977-2004 (#15.15-16.2), contains incoming letters arranged chronologically, as well as copies of letters found in folders marked "significant letters." Copies of letters designated as special appear in the first two folders (#15.15-15.16), followed by a folder of fan mail (#15.17); thereafter folders are arranged chronologically. Thank you notes may also be found throughout the collection.

Subseries D, Staff correspondence, 1969-2004 (#16.3-17.10), contains correspondence of staff members, found separately and labeled "staff." In some cases, folders contain correspondence of board members, consultants, and very active members who may or may not have officially served as staff. The subseries contains correspondence with individuals outside of the GFWA and its satellite organizations, as well as internal communications; it does not represent all of the correspondence addressed to or sent by staff. Considerable overlap exists between this subseries, other folders in this series, and #29.12-29.17 and #31.11-33.10. The browser's search feature provides the most efficient way to find the recurring names, subjects, and issues appearing throughout the collection. This subseries is arranged alphabetically.

Series III, GRANTS, 1980-2004 (#17.11-22.4, SD.1), contains proposals, correspondence, reports, notes, and other materials for the majority of grants for which GFWA applied and/or received. Records of funded grants contain documentation of budgets, staffing, and progress. This series does not contain records of all grant-funded projects; some may appear in separate series. This series is divided into five subseries.

Subseries A, Grant proposals, 1980-2002 (#17.11-18.4), contains proposals, notes, correspondence, and reports to a variety of funding sources to which the GFWA applied for assistance. Files are organized according to project name, not funding source. The GFWA worked together with other institutions to apply for Fishing Industry Grants (FIG) for many small projects; they theorized that several organizations applying jointly had a better chance than each applying separately. For instance, the GFWA was one of several organizations in Essex County that, in 1994, worked collaboratively to apply for a FIG for various projects. The joint project, titled the "Gloucester Underexploited Fisheries Strategy," was proposed to adjust fishing regulations, and to refit boats and processing facilities so they could increase harvesting, processing, and marketing underutilized species; it was not funded but its application is in this subseries.

In some cases, GFWA projects under a FIG umbrella were part of the project Vision 2020. GFWA also, on its own, applied to several agencies for larger projects. Thus, significant overlap exists between this subseries, #20.7-21.14, and #34.1-36-14. Search note: to locate all material pertaining to grants, use the browser's search feature. The majority of applications were proposed by Bergeron and Sanfilippo as staff, with their curricula vitae attached to most applications; those vitae were removed and a copy of each may be found in staff biographical files (by name) and in #4.7. This subseries is arranged alphabetically (by proposal title when available).

Subseries B, "Pollution grant," 1998-2004 (#18.5-19.6, SD.1), contains materials related to the research project "Comparison of Environmental Contaminants in Gulf of Maine and Georges Bank Cod" (later revised to "Comparison of Environmental Contaminants on Georges Bank and Stellwagen Bank") for which GFWA applied to receive a New Hampshire Sea Grant. It also includes proposals, notes, correspondence, and reports pertaining to the study the Gulf of Maine, Georges Banks, and Stellwagen Bank. Fishermen's expense sheets were removed. Both GFWA and GFWDP applied for these grants, thus considerable overlap, but little obvious duplication, exists between this subseries and #34.6 and #17.19. This subseries is arranged alphabetically.

Subseries C, Product development of underutilized species fishing industry grant (FIG), 1995-1998 (#19.7-20.6), contains correspondence, log books, requests, reports, and other materials pertaining to the administration of the FIG project, "Innovative Product Development, Process Protocol and Market Strategies to Achieve Maximum Use of the Atlantic Herring." As a condition of the award, GFWA participated in "Making a Splash," an effort coordinated by the Massachusetts Governor's Seafood Task Force to educate and inspire the public to cook underutilized species such as herring. At the kick-off event, Sefatia Romeo of the GFWA, along with prominent Boston-area chefs, created dishes for sampling and provided recipes. GFWA was contracted to hold a number of cooking demonstrations at chain grocery stores such as Whole Foods and Stop and Shop in greater Boston. In 1998 the group created a business plan to market their prepared seafood products. While that plan grew from this grant, it was not part of it; other materials about marketing seafood may be found in #21.2-21.8 and #23.13-23.15. This subseries contains detailed information about the specifics of each demonstration, including requests, recipes made and numbers fed, as well as feedback. It is arranged alphabetically.

Subseries D, Vision 2020, 1993-1998 (#20.7-21.14), contains proposals, reports, correspondence planning meeting minutes, notes and other printed materials related to Vision 2020, a collaborative plan envisioning a future in which fishers, scientists, and environmentalists would cooperate. They worked to develop a plan to sustain independent fishers while conserving endangered species of fish and protecting the environment. The steering committee of Vision 2020, which included Sanfilippo, Bergeron, and Gallo, made one of its first goals the establishment of an organization, the Massachusetts Fishermen's Partnership (MFP), in which fishermen could resolve common problems themselves and have access to healthcare options. Although Vision 2020 began before the GFWDP was officially established, that organization later worked with the GFWA to secure subsequent funding for the project.

After being rejected for a collaborative Northeast FIG in 1994, GFWA received several FIGs awarded through the Saltonstall-Kennedy grant program. These included grants for the underexploited fisheries strategy and innovative product development that proposed to adjust fishing regulations and to refit boats and processing facilities so they could increase harvesting, processing and marketing underutilized species. Note: significant overlap exists between folders within this series and Series VII (#34.1-36.14). For example, GFWA received funding for "Innovative Training and Product Development" from several foundations; they submitted the same progress reports to each foundation. Only one copy of each report was retained. In many cases, additional related correspondence is filed separately by organization name in Series II (#12.6-16.2). The browser's search feature provides the most efficient way to find the recurring names, subjects, and issues appearing throughout the collection. This subseries is arranged alphabetically.

Subseries E, Youth mentoring program and cultural exchange, 1994-2003 (#21.15-22.4), contains notes, reports, correspondence, student feedback, and other printed materials documenting the implementation of a grant to enable the mentoring and exchange programs. In the youth mentor program, GFWA matched Gloucester High School students interested in environmental science or health with mentors in the fishing community. Students worked as interns for the U.S. Coast Guard, the Harbor Master's Department in City Hall, the NMF, Cape Ann Medical Center, and other organizations. The GFWA intended to provide students with training relevant to their future interests while engaging them in community service. Student time sheets for the mentor program were not retained.

This subseries also contains materials that document a grant-funded exchange program between Gloucester and Tamano, Japan. Adults and students stayed with host families in Japan for ten days and families in Gloucester also hosted Japanese participants. Materials pertaining to the youth mentor program (#21.15-22.3) are arranged chronologically, followed by the Gloucester-Tamano exchange (#22.4).

Series IV, CULINARY ACTIVITIES AND EXHIBITS, 1969-2004 (#22.5-23.20, PD.5-PD.6), contains materials pertaining to the production of GFWA's cookbooks, cooking demonstrations and exhibitions of their quilt. It is arranged in three subseries.

Subseries A, Cookbooks, 1969-2004 (#22.5-22.11, PD.5), contains materials documenting the production of the GFWA's first cookbook, The Taste of Gloucester: A Fisherman's Wife Cooks (1976), which was compiled and published with the Cape Ann League of Women Voters. It includes correspondence, recipes, pamphlets, and community cookbooks about cooking seafood. Financial records for the GFW cookbook committee are located with financial records in #9.8-10.2. This subseries is arranged alphabetically and does not contain documents pertaining to the production of the second cookbook Gloucester Fishermen's Wives Cookbook (2005).

Subseries B, Cooking demonstrations, 1980-1999 (#22.12-23.16), contains contracts, correspondence, publicity, recipes, and other materials documenting numerous seafood exhibits and taste tests that GFWA held. In 1980, GFWA received a grant from the NMFS to demonstrate cooking underutilized fish at various locales in the greater Boston area. Business plans to market and sell prepared seafood products, and evaluations of the "GFW Cooks" project, are included, as well as a proposal for a television series, "A Kettle of Fish," created to educate audiences about fish preparation. Some clippings, primarily about Lena Novello's leadership of the cooking demonstrations, are also found in #5.1.

In 1996, GFWA received a FIG to develop and market recipes for underutilized species. Following the success of their cooking demonstrations, the GFWA developed a plan to sell their own seafood products. They compared themselves to the small ice cream company Ben and Jerry's, claiming that both companies produced high-quality products using locally-provided ingredients, and possessed a high level of social consciousness and commitment to community. Substantial overlap but little duplication may exist between folders in this subseries and #19.7-20.6, as well as in folders with pertinent grant applications, correspondence, and conferences. To locate all of the material pertaining to cooking demonstrations, use the browser's search feature. This subseries is arranged chronologically.

Subseries C, Quilt project, 1998-2002 (#23.17-23.20, PD.6), contains images, notes, correspondence, and publicity about the narrative quilt, "Protecting the Oceans That God Has Created." Boston quilt artist, Clara Wainwright, and some GFWA members, including Lena Novello, Angela Sanfilippo, Fino Sanfilippo, and Nina Groppo, helped design and sew the quilt. Finished in 1998, each section was designed to document a significant piece of the organization's history. GFWA exhibited the finished work in various locales in Massachusetts. This subseries is arranged alphabetically.

Series V, ORAL HISTORIES, 1994-2001 (#23.21-29.3, T-359.1 - T-359.91), contains transcriptions and audiotapes of interviews with local fishermen as well as audiotapes of interviews with GFWA members. It is arranged in three subseries.

Subseries A, Gloucester oral history project, 1994 (#23.21-25.11, T-359.1 - T-359.21, T-359.23 - T-359.40), contains correspondence, project guidelines, students' notebooks, typed transcripts, etc. The Gloucester Fishermen and Families Assistance Center (GFFAC) and the GFWA sponsored a pilot oral history project involving fifteen students of Gloucester High School who participated in the Summer Youth Employment Training Program of the North Shore Regional Employment Board. Students, supervised primarily by David Bergeron and (initially) Gloria Richardson, were taught basic interviewing techniques, provided with questions, then sent in pairs to interview Gloucester community members, primarily fishermen and fishermen's wives or daughters. The program intended to provide the students with interviewing skills, foster inter-generational understanding, and record the stories of long-time Gloucester residents. Students were also required to write an autobiography.

Students taped interviews of selected community members, including some GFWA members and other women. The interviews not only provide details about the organization's history, but provide a candid glimpse into Italian customs, dating, and popular culture among Sicilian immigrants in Gloucester, the challenges of motherhood while their husbands were away on fishing trips, and the significance of religion within fishing communities. Interviews also detail daily life on the boats, storms, regulations, and economic hardship. The subseries is arranged with administrative materials (#23.21-23.25) appearing first, followed by folders containing transcripts or students' reports (#23.27-25.11) arranged alphabetically by interviewee name. Tapes of interviews (if extant) are listed beneath corresponding folders. Note: most folders include notes; students' final reports; and autobiographies; some contain transcripts of interviews. When at least partial transcripts were found, interviewee name is followed by an asterisk (*). In some cases, neither reports nor transcripts were found; folder titles followed by a double asterisk (**) contain very brief notes only. The final portion of this subseries contains folders of students' notebooks, arranged alphabetically by student name. These contain not only notes taken before and during the interviews, but personal reflections, short stories, doodles, and diary entries as students were encouraged to keep a journal to document their thoughts and experiences to use for their autobiography. A few reflections on very personal experiences are closed until January 1, 2070. As students interviewed more than one person, notes for several individuals may appear within one notebook.

Subseries B, Oral history project, 1997 (#26.1-28.13, T-359.22, T-359.41 - T-359.74), contains materials pertaining to "Oral History Project to Collect Traditional Ecological Knowledge and Develop an Historical Record of Fishermen/Scientists Interactions." It includes correspondence, proposals, applications, budget and personnel materials, progress reports, brief histories of participants, transcripts of interviews with fishermen, and associated large color-coded maps.

The first phase of the project, titled "Oral History Project to Collect Traditional Ecological Knowledge and Develop an Historical Record of Fishermen," was funded by a Saltonstall-Kennedy grant (Project #96-NER-166) awarded by NOAA (#NA76FD0112). It recorded the personal experiences and challenges encountered by Cape Ann fishermen who fished for groundfish using various gear and instruments, and also helped document environmental changes and fish migration patterns. Because a primary objective of the project involved collecting information on spawning patterns of commercial species, the testimony of most interviewees is accompanied by supersize map showing fishing territory. These maps have been left folded as received. In order to protect identities and privacy, participants were assigned an identification number by project staff. The principal interviewers, including Madeleine Hall-Arber, Christopher Dyer, and Kevin St. Martin, conducted twenty-eight interviews (twenty-two fishermen suggested by Sanfilippo and six scientists). Each began with the participants' "fishing biographies" which, similar to a resume, listed his work experience (including type of boat, gear, number of crew, etc.). After compiling a detailed fishing biography, interviewers questioned interviewees about species, assigning a color to each species and asking interviewees to delineate, on the oversized map, the area in which he found species consistently. Transcripts exist for seventeen interviews and contain numerous transcription problems (e.g., transcribers' uncertainty about similar-sounding words such as "opposition" or "a position" and typographical errors "nomina" instead of "novena"). Audiotapes (#T-359.41 - T-359.74) corresponding to transcripts are closed until January 1, 2073. Interviews were recorded on 90-minute cassette tapes; length of interview corresponds to number of tapes used. In 1998 the GFWDP applied for another Saltonstall-Kennedy grant to subsidize phase two of the oral history project; that project was not funded.

This subseries is arranged alphabetically; folders #26.1-26.11 contain administrative materials (correspondence, applications, reports) and are followed by transcripts of interviews with fishermen, arranged numerically. To retain the anonymity of interviewees, the interviewers assigned a code to each. The numbers of the code represent the order of interviews, the month and year in which the interview occurred; the letter(s) at the end of the code represent the person(s) conducting the interview (e.g., 010597-M was the first interview conducted in May 1997 by Madeleine Hall-Arber).

Subseries C, Memorial oral history project and miscellaneous interviews, 1994-2001, n.d. (#29.1-29.3, T-359.75 - T-359.91), is composed primarily of audiotapes of interviews with thirteen GFWA members conducted by writer Stella Price in 2001. Her goal of compiling a book based on the interviews was not accomplished. While interviewees spanned several generations, ranging from approximately 23 to 80 years old, most of the participants were middle-aged. In some cases, mothers and daughters or sisters were interviewed (separately). Most interviews lasted roughly 110 minutes during which time participants were asked the same base questions concerning family history (including whether any family member was active in the fishing industry); family's (or ancestors') immigration; childhood; teenage cultural activities; family life and responsibilities; the Gloucester community; the significance of religion and ethnicity; dating; customs and traditions. Participants were asked general questions about changes that they noticed in the fishing industry, as well as personal questions such as describing their happiest and saddest moments in life. Thus the tapes provide a glimpse into Gloucester community life and provide rich details about the lives of individual women. Transcripts for the tapes do not exist.

This subseries also contains documents describing the 2001 memorial oral history project, as well as miscellaneous (incomplete) oral histories, including a compilation of reminiscences of various GFWA members and local fishermen. It is arranged with folders of administrative materials about various projects appearing first, followed by tapes of interviews, arranged alphabetically; two tapes (#T-359.89 - T-359.90) contain interviews with unidentified fishermen; #T-359.91 contains discussions from an unidentified meeting about problems in the fishing industry and possible solutions.

SERIES VI, GFW MEMORIAL, INC., 1950-2003 (#29.4-33.10, SD.1, PD.7, Vt-165.4), contains correspondence, design plans, contracts, fundraising strategies, donations, reports, etc., pertaining to GFW Memorial, Incorporated (GFWM), an entity created to plan and raise funds for the design and construction of a statue to honor fishermen's wives. The initial idea occurred at the dedication of the Fishermen's Memorial statue, sculpted by Leonard Craske, in 1925. In the 1940s, Craske had created a small model for a complementary fishermen's wives memorial statue, but a shortage of funds prevented the full-sized statue from being cast. In 1980, GFWA became involved, initially planning to find a sculptor to cast a larger version of Craske's model. However, in 1989 they decided to solicit proposals for an original design. After reviewing several bids, they chose a model by Morgan Faulds Pike, featuring a young fisherman's wife with two young children, staring out to sea, awaiting her husband's return. This series is divided into two subseries.

Subseries A, Administration, 1950-2005 (#29.4-31.10, , SD.1, PD.7, Vt-165.4), contains correspondence; contracts; reports; materials about masons, sculptors, and landscaping design; financial materials; and other records pertaining to the design and construction of the Gloucester Fishermen's Wives memorial statue. The bulk of this subseries is arranged alphabetically, followed by six folders taken from unlabeled (dismantled) binders; a compliance review of Miles River Sand and Gravel appear last (#31.8-31.10). The statue was publicized in 2001 as demonstrating the faith, diligence, and fortitude of fishermen's wives. The following year, a documentary, Faith, Diligence, and Fortitude, tracing the history of the GFWA, was produced by an independent company. The flyers and publicity materials marked "Faith, Diligence, and Fortitude" in this subseries deal only with fundraising for the memorial; for materials concerning the documentary, see #2.20, Vt-165.1 - Vt-165.2.

Subseries B, Fundraising and contributions, 1999-2003 (#31.11-33.10), contains correspondence, notes, charts, contribution records, and other materials pertaining to the fundraising campaign led by Jeanne Gallo, including pledges for inscriptions on the walkway. To raise funds for the project's construction, GFWM offered individuals the chance to purchase and inscribe walkway stones in the park surrounding the statue. Stone size and inscription length corresponded to pledge amount ($200, $400, or $1000). The series is arranged alphabetically.

SERIES VII, GLOUCESTER FISHERMEN'S WIVES DEVELOPMENT PROGRAMS (GFWDP), 1995-2005 (#34.1-36-14), contains administrative records; meeting minutes; correspondence; grant proposals and reports to funding agencies; and other printed materials of the GFWDP. Formed in 1995, this offshoot of the GFWA was created to find and secure grants to provide education, training, research, and support for the conservation of ocean ecosystems, as well as to provide transitional programs for fishermen and family members. It also provides charitable and social services for families in fishing and related industries. Because this organization's primary responsibility is to obtain grants to fund GFWA projects, overlap exists between parts of this series and Series III (#17.11-22.4). Although the Vision 2020 project began before the GFWDP was officially established, GFWDP became instrumental in securing funding for it. See also #18.5-19.6 and #20.7-21.14. This series is divided into four subseries.

Subseries A, Administrative and financial, 1995-2005 (#34.1-35.3), contains records, meeting minutes, financial records, and other documents pertaining to the operation of the GFWDP. This subseries is arranged alphabetically.

Subseries B, Grants, 1996-2005 (#35.4-36.5), contains proposals, correspondence, reports, notes, and other materials for the majority of grants for which GFWDP applied and/or received. The GFWDP frequently applied to multiple agencies to receive partial funding for the same project. Applications and correspondence with different agencies that pertain to the same grant topic are grouped together; folders may contain rejections from one foundation as well as acceptance from and progress reports to another. The records of some grant-funded projects may appear in other series (e.g., records pertaining to the oral history project of 1997, partially funded through a Saltonstall-Kennedy grant, were kept with transcripts of the interviews in #26.1-28.13). The browser's search feature provides the most efficient way to find the recurring names, subjects, and issues appearing throughout the collection. This subseries is arranged alphabetically.

Subseries C, North Shore Fishing Community Audit, 2001-2004 (#36.6-36.14), contains the proposal, documentation, and evaluation of a grant-funded project entitled "North Shore Fishing Community Audit and Strategic Planning Project." GFWDP worked with the Corporation for Business, Work and Learning, and the Southern Essex Workforce Investment Board, to assess existing resources, as well as future needs, for the fishing community of Massachusetts' North Shore. Madeleine Hall-Arber served as the primary investigator, leading a team in conducting research and compiling a detailed database of all social and business services available to fishermen.

SERIES VIII, CONFERENCES AND PRESENTATIONS, 1977-2002 (#37.1-38.12, SD.1, T-359.92 - T-359.94, Vt-165.5), contains correspondence, programs, notes, travel arrangements, etc., pertaining to conferences or workshops at which at least one member of GFWA spoke or exhibited material and conferences or workshops which GFWA participated or sponsored unless otherwise noted. It includes session notes from the "Just for Women Conference" that GFWA coordinated in 1994. Some contain drafts of Sanfilippo's or other speaker's remarks. In a few instances, it is unclear if GFWA attended or just collected materials. This series is arranged alphabetically.

Series IX, INTERNATIONAL, 1976-2004 (#38.13-45.11, SD.1, Vt-165.6), contains minutes, correspondence, administrative records, and other printed materials produced by foreign and international organizations with whom GFWA worked closely. In many cases, Sanfilippo served on the advisory boards of these organizations and/or was directly involved with their operation. This series is divided into four subseries.

Subseries A, Georges Bank, 1976-2001 (#38.13-41.3, SD.1), contains correspondence, notes, reports, research, clippings, etc., pertaining to the moratorium on fishing in Georges Bank, an area that stretches from Cape Cod to Nova Scotia. This subseries is arranged alphabetically with materials from an unlabeled binder appearing last (#41.2-41.3).

Subseries B, Magnuson-Stevens (M-S) Act and Amendments, 1993-2004 (#41.4-42.9), contains meeting minutes, correspondence, research, petitions, testimonies, and other printed materials documenting federal regulation of the fishing industry and its effect on Gloucester's fishing community, issues central to the GFWA's mission. It also contains the GFWA's and community's reactions to various amendments to the act which proposed various measures to restrict quotas for fishermen. The Act is named for Senators Warren G. Magnuson (Washington) and Ted Stevens (Alaska).

Within the fishing Community, GFWA championed the pioneering idea that, to protect independent New England fishermen from unfair foreign competition of commercial vessels, and to protect diminishing fish stock, the federal government should establish an exclusive economic zone, a 200-mile area from shore, in which only American vessels were permitted to fish. In 1976 the Magnuson Fisheries Conservation Act (renamed the Magnuson-Stevens Act in 1993) officially established the 200-mile zone, and also created the National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS) to manage American fisheries and conserve and protect living marine resources. The act also established eight regional intergovernmental councils to represent federal and state entities with marine fisheries management responsibility. The New England Fisheries Management Council (NEFMC) managed the fish stocks in New England by creating and enforcing fishing management plans (FMP) that regulated fish species by designated fishing areas, limiting days at sea (DAS), and restricting total allowed catch (TAC). While the GFWA fully endorsed the establishment of M-S, it opposed some of the ensuing amendments, which it argued devastated independent fishermen.

Amendment 13, proposed in November 2001, resulted from the ruling in Conservation Law Foundation, et al. v. Donald Evans, et al., which held that the Northeast Fishing Management Plans failed to comply with M-S. The measures proposed by Amendment 13 included limiting fishermen's days at sea, closing designated areas, restricting catchable quotas for overfished groundfish species within the Gulf of Maine and Georges Bank, and mandating fishing gear. Charged with evaluating five alternatives and over a hundred possible options in enacting the measures, the NEFMC held many public meetings to discuss and approve one alternative and implement Amendment 13. Representing commercial fishermen in Gloucester, GFWA and Massachusetts Fishermen's Partnership (MFP) strongly opposed Amendment 13 and launched vigorous protests claiming that its focus on the Gulf of Maine placed unfair burdens on Cape Ann fishermen. GFWA feared that Amendment 13 would destroy the independent fishing industry in New England.

This subseries includes materials documenting GFWA's response to M-S and Amendment 13. Many reference binders created by the NEFMC and distributed at public meetings were received with the collection. They contained extremely detailed information about the major proposals considered in the implementation of the Amendment, as well as public reaction. Although photocopied papers of meeting proceedings, testimonies of government officials, and proposed changes to the Amendment were removed (all are available on-line, at the NEFMC, or at the Massachusetts State Archives), photocopies of letters documenting public reaction to the Amendment, as well as testimonies of local commercial fishermen (which may not be available on-line), were retained. Search note: materials concerning M-S Act may be found scattered throughout these records. The browser's search feature provides the most efficient way to find the recurring names, subjects, and issues appearing throughout the collection. For materials pertaining to the NEFMC, see #45.12-46.10. This subseries is arranged chronologically.

Subseries C, World Forum of Fish Harvesters and Fishworkers (WFF) 1997-2002 (#42.10-44.11, F+D.2, OD.1, Vt-165.6), contains correspondence, meeting minutes, reports, proposals, etc., of the WFF, an organization based in India that was established to foster sustainable fishing on a global scale. Thomas Kocherry, Indian priest, lawyer and activist, founded the World Forum of Fisher Peoples, which became the WFF. The group works to uphold social justice for fishermen; protects against pollution, habitat destruction and destructive fishing practices; and provides a global forum for improving fisheries and standards of professionalism for fishermen and women. Asked to serve as U.S. representative to the WFF by Senator Edward Kennedy, Sanfilippo was deeply involved in the organization, representing the American Eastern Seaboard. This subseries includes a documentary, Fishing in the Sea of Greed, produced in India shortly before the WFF was officially formed. It features interviews with fishermen and women, many of whom were union members, some of whom recount their stories in song. While most interviews are conducted partially in Hindi, English subtitles are provided. The work provides excellent footage depicting people fishing, the division of labor by gender in villages, and communities uniting to protest encroachment by foreign vessels and factory trawlers (subjects that coincide with the GFWA struggles in New England). When the WFF held its first global meeting in New Delhi, India, in 1997, Sanfilippo, her husband John, and other GFWA members attended. GFWA remained closely involved with the WFF and corresponded with its leaders, especially Kocherry and Nalini Nayak. Members of the GFWA also attended its second annual meeting in Loctudy, France, in 2000. This subseries is arranged alphabetically.

Subseries D, Other foreign and international, 1993-2002 (#44.12-45.11), contains publications; newsletters; research; conference and other printed materials; some correspondence; and some material on related issues, of other international and foreign fishing organizations with whom GFWA interacted. It is arranged alphabetically.

Series X, NATIONAL, REGIONAL, AND STATE ORGANIZATIONS AND ISSUES, 1970-2004 (#45.12-51.4, Vt-165.7), contains correspondence, meeting minutes, plans, research, and other printed materials of organizations based in the United States with whom GFWA was involved in some capacity, as well as materials pertaining to issues that crossed state boundaries. While some issues affected the New England region organizations and the state of Massachusetts, issues dealing primarily with the fishing industry in Gloucester are located in Series XI (#51.5-58.8). Considerable overlap exists between this series, Series IX (#38-13-45.11, Vt-165.6), and Series XI (#51.5-58.9, Vt-165.8). This series is divided into three subseries.

Subseries A, New England Fishery Management Council (NEFMC) 1994-2002 (#45.12-46.10), contains selected meeting minutes, and notes related to the NEFMC, for which Angela Sanfilippo served on the Advisory Board. The NEFMC is one of eight regional councils established by the M-S Act as an intergovernmental unit charged with representing federal and state entities with marine fisheries management responsibility. Together with NOAA the NEFMC manages New England groundfish as part of a 19 stock complex called the Northeast Multi-species Fishery and also enforces the established Fishing Management Plans (FMP). Many binders containing copies of proposed management measures (e.g., Atlantic Herring Fishery Management Plan, Framework Adjustment 25), meeting minutes, and updated regulations were not retained because they are available electronically and/or at the Northeast Fisheries Science Center in Massachusetts. See NEFMC website and Northeast Fisheries Science Center website.

This subseries covers primarily issues of groundfish closures, Amendment 7, and herring and factory trawling, issues that show how GFWA was alternatively supportive of and at odds with NEFMC. In the late 1990s, American Seafood began operating a herring plant in Gloucester. Believing that the health of other fish stocks depended upon the supply of herring, Greenpeace launched a campaign to ban factory trawlers in order to protect herring. GFWA joined forces with Greenpeace in 1997 when Parlevliet & Van der Plas proposed to build and operate a herring processing plant on Jodrey State Fish Pier in Gloucester. Sanfilippo, Bergeron, and others worked with Niaz Dorry of Greenpeace to raise public awareness of the dangers that factory trawlers posed to both the ecosystem and to the livelihood of local commercial fishermen, and pushed the NEFMC to revise the Fishing Management Plans for herring.

At other times, the NEFMC and GFWA and other fishing organizations held divergent views about adjustments to the FMPs. In 1998-1999, NEFMC tried to rebuild multi-species groundfish stock using Amendment 7 (to the Northeast Multi-species FMP) and to reduce mortality of cod, haddock, and yellowtail flounder from Georges Bank, southern New England yellowtail flounder, and Gulf of Maine cod. In the case of Framework Adjustment 25, "rolling closures," GFWA protested that the plan that limited codfish landings from 700 pounds per day to 400 pounds per day and redefined the area, affected only north of Cape Cod and south of Portland, Maine, placing unfair burdens on fishermen of Cape Ann and New Hampshire. This subseries is arranged chronologically.

Subseries B, Massachusetts organizations and issues, 1977-2004 (#46.10-47.15), contains correspondence, meeting minutes, reports, proposals, and other printed materials produced by Massachusetts organizations, as well as issues pertaining to the fishing industry within the state. It is arranged alphabetically.

Subseries C, Other United States organizations and issues, 1983-2003 (#47.16-51.4, Vt-165.7), contains primarily newsletters and printed materials of non-Massachusetts organizations based in the United States, unless otherwise noted. Sanfilippo was involved in some capacity with the organizations; in some cases, she participated in workshops offered by the group. For Massachusetts-based organizations and issues, see Subseries B (#46.11-47.15). This subseries is arranged alphabetically.

Series XI, GLOUCESTER ORGANIZATIONS AND ISSUES, 1970-2004 (#51.5-58.8, SD.1, Vt-165.8), contains correspondence, meeting minutes, reports, proposals, and other printed materials produced by Gloucester-based groups. There is a great deal of overlap but little duplication between this series and #58.9-59.14. It is divided into four subseries.

Subseries A, Gloucester Fishermen and Families Assistance Center (GFFAC) and Massachusetts Fishermen's Partnership (MFP), 1994-2004 (#51.5-53.20, SD.1, Vt-165.8), contains minutes, reports, notes, clippings, and some correspondence. The Center was established in 1994, through the effort of the GFWA, the Gloucester Fishermen's Center, and other local agencies who helped secure federal funding for three fishermen's assistance centers in Massachusetts (Gloucester, Hyannis, and New Bedford). While operated by the Corporation for Business, Work, and Learning, several officers of the GWFA (including Bergeron, Groppo, and Sanfilippo), played key roles in the Center's daily functioning. Sanfilippo served as project manager and Bergeron coordinated outreach efforts. The Center helped fishermen who had been adversely affected by Amendments 5 and 7, and Framework 26, and other regulations restricting quotas of catch, by offering U.S. Coast Guard Captain's License programs, providing funding for education in new trades, and helping them transition into new careers. The Center also helped sponsor a student exchange program with Gloucester's sister city, Tamano, Japan, and provided safety training with the U.S. Coast Guard.

As project manager of the GFFAC, Sanfilippo reported on the Center's events at general meetings for all fishermen and family assistance centers in New England. This subseries includes her minutes from those meetings, as well as minutes from GFFAC staff meetings. Sanfilippo and Bergeron also helped establish the Massachusetts Fishermen's Partnership (MFP), a group that worked with the GFWA to institute health care coverage for fishermen, many of whom had no or inadequate health care insurance for themselves and their families. The proposed plan found strong support in Senator Edward Kennedy and the Archdiocese of Boston, which proposed providing coverage under its Caritas Christi System. Since February 2008, Sanfilippo has served as the part-time Executive Director of the MFP. Sets of minutes were compiled from staff files (primarily Bergeron's), but may not be complete. This subseries is arranged alphabetically, and chronologically thereunder.

Subseries B, Other Gloucester organizations, 1970-2000 (#54.1-55.8), contains correspondence, meeting minutes, reports, proposals, and other printed materials produced by Gloucester-based organizations. It also contains miscellaneous clippings pertaining to various causes, including the herring plant on Jodrey State Fish Pier; seasons for various species; property rights; accidents, including the Starbound and Virgo collision and lawsuit; and Gorton's. The folders are arranged alphabetically.

Subseries C, Gloucester issues and events, 1971-2002 (#55.9-58.8) contains reports, clippings, research, vessel lists, subject files, and other printed materials that document activity and life in the Gloucester community. GFWA was deeply committed to the Gloucester community, and was especially dedicated to helping families of fishers, some of whom were first- or second-generation Americans who struggled with English. The group also established scholarships for students of fishermen, and designated funds to assist widows and children of fishermen lost at sea. GFWA raised awareness and funds for some community projects not directly related to the fishing industry, as well (e.g., they raised money to erect a statue at St. Ann's Church and co-sponsored an after-school program to help middle school students remain drug free). Additionally, GWFA members often cooked and donated dinners that community groups used for fund-raising events (see also #4.17-5.1 and 17.2-17.3). A great deal of overlap but little duplication exists between this subseries and Series XII. This subseries is arranged alphabetically.

Series XII, PAPERS AND REPORTS, 1977-2002 (#58.9-59.14), contains reports, papers, printed materials and drafts about various topics in the fishing industry. These papers were found grouped together and did not appear to be directly related to any particular conference or organization. Considerable overlap, but little duplication, exists between this series and with topics in Series X (#45.12-51.4) and Series XI (#55.9-58.8). The browser's search feature provides the most efficient way to find the recurring names, subjects, and issues appearing throughout the collection. The series is arranged alphabetically.

Series XIII, SUBJECT FILES AND FISHING INDUSTRY CLIPPINGS, 1968-2003 (#59.16-63.8), contains clippings that GFWA collected about significant issues in the fishing industry, primarily in New England. The majority of these clippings were photocopied by GFWA and stored in three-ring binders that have been dismantled. Some overlap exists between this series and series that contain clippings about specific issues, such as Georges Bank, but because these clipping were found segregated, they were kept together. The first five folders (#59.16-59.20) of this subseries are arranged alphabetically by topic; thereafter folders are arranged chronologically. The last folder (#63.8) contains a group of photocopied clippings from various dates found stapled together. Note: folders arranged by subject may not contain all of the information about that subject in this collection; in many cases, folders arranged chronologically contain clippings also pertinent to those same topics.

SERIES XIV. MEMORABILIA, OVERSIZED, AND PHOTOGRAPHS, 1962-2002, n.d. (#63.9m-63.10m, FD.1, FD+.1-FD+.2, OD.1, PD.1-PD.19f), contains memorabilia, oversized items and loose photographs. It is divided into two subseries.

Subseries A. Memorabilia, 1978-1994 (#63.9m-63.10m, FD.1, FD+.1-FD+.2, OD.1)

Subseries B, Photographs, 1962-2002, n.d. (#PD.8-PD.19f), contains primarily candid shots of some members of the GFWA participating in various activities. Photographs show the Wives preparing meals, doing cooking demonstrations; and preparing for religious celebrations. They also depict facets of Gloucester community life, including fishermen on pogie boats; altars created for St. Joseph; the St. Peter's Fiesta; and the Mother of Grace Club. Some of the photographs in this collection are, or will be, cataloged in VIA, Harvard University's Visual Information Access database. Others are "uncataloged" photographs; these include blurred images, slight variations of images, and images with insufficient research interest (or accessible information) to warrant cataloging. These are marked on the back with an asterisk in square brackets [*].

Most of the photographs in this collection are or will be cataloged in VIA, Harvard University's Visual Information Access database. Others, referred to as "uncataloged" photographs, are not of sufficient research interest to warrant cataloging and are simply treated as part of the documents they accompany; they are marked on the back with an asterisk in square brackets [*].